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刑事訴訟證據(jù)開(kāi)示程序的構(gòu)建
內(nèi)容摘要 證據(jù)開(kāi)示是指控辯雙方在庭審前或?qū)徟羞^(guò)程，依照一定的程序和方式，相互之間開(kāi)示各自控制或掌握的訴訟證據(jù)和與之有關(guān)資料的一種制度。它在促進(jìn)實(shí)體公正、程序公正以及訴訟效率上都有積極的作用。正因?yàn)槿绱耍还苁谴箨懛ㄏ祰?guó)家，還是英美法系國(guó)家的刑事訴訟中都建立有一種證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度，且有從單方開(kāi)示向雙方開(kāi)示、開(kāi)示范圍不斷擴(kuò)大等趨勢(shì)。我國(guó)現(xiàn)行刑事訴訟法雖然也有一些類(lèi)似證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度的規(guī)定，但卻很不完整，也很不科學(xué)，導(dǎo)致在實(shí)踐中存在諸多問(wèn)題。之所以出現(xiàn)這種情況，這與我國(guó)重實(shí)體輕程序，重打擊犯罪輕人權(quán)保障的訴訟觀念有關(guān)，也與我國(guó)訴訟模式有關(guān)。我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)雙向開(kāi)示、不對(duì)等開(kāi)示等原則，構(gòu)建具有中國(guó)特色的證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度。其中，要尤其注意開(kāi)示時(shí)間、開(kāi)示地點(diǎn)、開(kāi)示范圍以及開(kāi)示糾紛的解決等方面的構(gòu)建。關(guān)鍵詞：刑事訴訟 證據(jù)開(kāi)示 程序 構(gòu)建On the Construction of Evidence Discovery in Criminal Litigation
Abstract
Evidence discovery is a system which means before putting on trial or during the judging the accuser and the defense according to regular procedures and mode, each other shows lawsuit proof or related material they own mastered. It has played a great part in substantive justice procedural justice and litigation efficiency. As a result, both English-American Legal System Country and Continental Legal System Country have already established Evidence discovery system in Criminal procedure. What’s more, it exists an enlarging tendency from unilateral discovery to both sides discovery. So do the discovery scope. Current Criminal procedure law in our country exist similar regulations on criminal litigation. However, it is neither completed nor scientific. Consequently, it has brought about a great many problems in practice. What causes this situation? I think it is not only related to our country paying much attention to substantiality and punishing crime instead of procedure and human rights but also related to our country’s litigation mode. Our country ought to construct evidence discovery system which have a characteristic our own base on both two-way discovery and unequal discovery principles. Above all we should take notice of constructing on discovery time, discovery address, discovery range and solving of discovery dispute.Key words: Criminal Litigation， Evidence Discovery，Procedure，Construct
前 言
我國(guó)在1996 年的刑事訴訟法中，引入了當(dāng)事人主義訴訟模式的某些合理成分，改變了傳統(tǒng)的由法官直接調(diào)查證據(jù)的方式，確定了控辯雙方向法庭舉證、質(zhì)證，同時(shí)也不排除法官調(diào)查權(quán)的一種特殊的審判方式。這種審判方式的順利開(kāi)展，需要相關(guān)制度的支撐。證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度就是其中的一個(gè)重要制度。但是，1996年的刑事訴訟法不僅沒(méi)有建立一種完全的證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度，反而加大了律師閱卷難的問(wèn)題。這和審判方式改革的方向是不相符合的。正因?yàn)槿绱耍谖覈?guó)建立一種證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度目前已基本達(dá)成共識(shí)。但是如何在我國(guó)刑事訴訟中建立證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度，卻存在這樣或那樣的爭(zhēng)議。證據(jù)開(kāi)示不僅刑事證據(jù)法的規(guī)則之一，也是法律程序的一部分；它不僅是實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)體法的手段，而且也是程序公正的重要要求。在我國(guó)，雖已有初步的證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度，但還沒(méi)有建立起實(shí)質(zhì)意義上的控辯雙方雙向證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度。本文的目的在于通過(guò)闡述證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度在刑事訴訟中的重要意義而試圖為我國(guó)證據(jù)開(kāi)示制度的構(gòu)建提出一些建議性的措施。論文出處(作者):
論我國(guó)量刑規(guī)范化的制度改革
證據(jù)開(kāi)示程序的功能
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